Listeria monocytogenes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Listeria monocytogenes - Research Paper ExampleThe bacteria also infect animals, particularly ruminants (Low & Donachie, 1997).The name Listeria monocytogenes evolved from diverse names since 1926. Its former names were Erysipelothrix monocytogenes, Cornybacterium parvulum, Cornybacterium infantesipticum, Bacterium monocytogenes and Bacterium monocytogenes hominin (Uniprot Taxonomy, 2009). The genus Listeria was classified under the Cornebacteriaceae family until 1973. Molecular studies classified it as distinct and the Family Listeriaceae was created within the order Bacillales (Todar, 2009).Listeria contamination discharge be transmitted through animal feed, manure, mastitic cows, imbed and animal products, and through bacterial biofilms. Prevalence of the pathogen in food bear upon plants is caused by the entry of stark meat and poultry from animals that are infected with Listeria (Dharmarha, 2008). The pathogen can cross to surfaces of floors, sinks, water, equipment, and wo rkers. L. monocytogenes persists with time and contaminate the environment where processing wastes are disposed. Moreover, Listeria is able to survive even under low temperatures.Infected food sold to consumers can cause major outbreaks. Eating contaminated food allows the entry of L. monocytogenes into the digestive dust. After ingestion, the immune system of the host is activated and targets the invading bacteria which are engulfed by phagocytes. Phagocytosis is a major response of cell-mediated liberty (CMI), which is mechanism against L. monocytogenes. CMI can be enough to prevent infection, but in cases where the immune system is compromised or weak, as in young children and the elderly, L. monocytogenes can evade the host defense system and cross the enteric barrier (Dharmarha, 2008). L. monocytogenes is also able to cross the blood- intelligence barrier and the placental barrier resulting in infection of the brain (encephalitis and meningitis) and the unborn fetus